Spinal Cord Injuries
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord as a result of direct trauma to the spinal cord itself or as a result of indirect damage to the bones, soft tissues, and vessels surrounding the spinal cord. According to the National SCI Statistical Center, there are approximately 17,500 new traumatic spinal cord injuries each year in the USA, with 39.3% caused by vehicular accidents, followed by falls, violence, and then sports/recreational activities. Mortality risk is highest in the first year after injury compared to subsequent years.
Spinal cord damage can result in a loss of mobility and feeling. With most spinal cord injuries, the spinal cord is not severed, but this is not to be confused with a back injury- which might result from pinched nerves or ruptured disks. Although a person might break their vertebrae, there may not be any spinal cord injury if the spinal cord itself is not affected. Currently the average age at the time of injury is 42 years old, with males accounting for 81% of new SCI cases.
If you’ve recently experienced a spinal cord injury, it might seem like every aspect of your life has been affected. You might feel the effects of your injury mentally, emotionally and socially. Anyone who experience significant trauma to his or her head or neck needs immediate medical evaluation for the possibility of spinal injuries.
SCI signs and symptoms
Spinal cord injuries of any kind may result in one or more of the following signs and symptoms:
- Loss of movement
- Loss or altered sensation, including the ability to feel heat, cold and touch
- Loss of bowel or bladder control
- Exaggerated reflex activities or spasms
- Changes in sexual function, sexual sensitivity and fertility
- Pain or an intense stinging sensation caused by damage to the nerve fibers in your spinal cord
- Difficulty breathing, coughing or clearing secretions from your lungs